Optimal Placement of a Defined Number of Phasor Measurement Units in Power Systems

Abstract

Abstract—Nowadays, in real power systems in most countries<br><br>around the world, common measurement units and SCADA<br><br>systems are used for data measurement and state estimation.<br><br>Some Electricity Companies have installed and applied Phasor<br><br>Measurement Units (PMUs) for system observability.<br><br>Nevertheless, number of Phasor Measurement Units might be<br><br>limited due to financial considerations and this limited number<br><br>may be used together with common measuring systems. Thus,<br><br>this paper provides a novel method for optimal placement of a<br><br>limited number of phasor measurement units. Two main problem<br><br>are discussed in this paper: one is placement of a limited number<br><br>of phasor measurement units in case the units are less than the<br><br>minimum number required for the system to be observable, and<br><br>the other is placement of phasor measurement units in case the<br><br>units are more than the minimum number required for the<br><br>system to be observable. The first scheme takes into account the<br><br>system observability in presence of Phasor Measurement Units,<br><br>minimizing state estimation error and considering future<br><br>supplementary plan, and also determining candidate buses for<br><br>installing PMUs in future. While, the second one, takes into<br><br>account maximizing measuring system reliability with an<br><br>increase in redundancy of these measurement units and also<br><br>determining candidate buses for installing PMUs in future. The<br><br>proposed method has been simulated and analyzed on the IEEE<br><br>standard 14 bus test system and the results show the efficiency of<br><br>the method.