خواص سمیت سلولی و آنالیز شیمیایی عصاره و فرکشن هایی از قارچ خوراکی دکمه ای

Abstract

So far, few compounds of Agaricus<br><br>bisporus (e.g., lectin, unsaturated fatty acids<br><br>and polysaccharides) have been identified to<br><br>exert in vitro or in vivo anti-cancer activities;<br><br>therefore, further research is required to<br><br>identify more bioactive compounds. The main<br><br>aim of the present study was in vitro evaluation<br><br>of the anti-cancer potential of A. bisporus<br><br>extracts and fractions. In addition, several<br><br>wild-growing species of A. bisporus including<br><br>A. devoniensis, A. gennadii and a wild brown<br><br>isolate of A. bisporus were investigated<br><br>for their possible anti-cancer activities.<br><br>Anti-proliferative and cytotoxic properties<br><br>of methanol-dichloromethane (1:1) crude<br><br>extracts were tested on PC3 and MCF-7 cells.<br><br>The results revealed that A. bisporus at 500<br><br>μg/ml concentration had significant effects on<br><br>PC3 (46%) and MCF-7 (40%) proliferation,<br><br>while no significant anti-proliferation was<br><br>observed in the extracts of other mushrooms.<br><br>Four different fractions of A. bisporus<br><br>extracts were separated, using a solvent<br><br>polarity gradient in column chromatography.<br><br>One of the fractions, eluted with the mixture<br><br>of ethyl acetate in petroleum ether (40:60),<br><br>exhibited potent anti-proliferative activities,<br><br>as well as cytotoxicity in both PC3 and MCF-<br><br>7 cells, even at a low concentration (125<br><br>μg/ml). Flame ionization detector for gas<br><br>chromatography, as well as fourier transform<br><br>infrared spectroscopy, showed no fatty acids<br><br>in the fractions. The obtained data in this study<br><br>illustrated the anti-cancer potential of mycochemicals<br><br>present in the mushroom fractions<br><br>in vitro. Therefore, the present study indicates<br><br>the need for further chemical analysis and<br><br>investigations.