Comparison of superheated solvent extraction with instant controlled pressure drop‎ assisted solvent extraction of phenolic compounds from pomegranate (Punica granatum) peels

Abstract

The present study was an attempted to evaluate effectiveness of superheated solvent extraction (SSE) compare with instant controlled pressure drop (DIC) assisted solvent extraction (DIC- SE) on total phenolic, flavonoids and anthocyanins compounds from pomegranate peels. The effects of temperature, extraction time and water: ethanol ratio for SSE method, and temperature and heating time for DIC- SE were studied. The highest phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and extraction yields by SSE was achieved at 160˚C, ethanol: water 50:50 and 20 min, subsequently in the DIC- SE, the most effectiveness was approached at 150˚C for 5 s (p<0.05). The SSE improved the total phenolic compounds (563.16±1.04 mg/g), anthocyanins (285.11±1.02 mg/100g), extraction yield (68.7%) and shortened the extraction times compared to DIC- SE, but flavonoid content was more in DIC- SE extract (439.07±0.05 mg/g). Based on HPLC analyses, gallic acid was not detected in any of obtained extracts, but the amount of ellagic acid in DIC- SE extract (1.13 mg/g) was higher than SSE (0.274 mg/g). The current study clearly showed that, the SSE is an effective extraction method to obtain phenolic compounds and the DIC is an advantageous pretreatment for extraction of flavonoids from pomegranate peels.