Aims: Venomous snake bites are public health problems in different parts of the world. The most specific mainstay in the treatment of envenomation is antivenom. To treat the envenomation, it is very important to identify the offending species...

snakebite is an important medical emergency

Although some venoms and their isolated compounds have been shown to have antibacterial properties, most have not been investigated for such activity. Echis carinatus is one of the most venomous snakes in the world and has an effective haematotoxic...

Many species of venomous snakes are found in Iran. The most medically important species

which are responsible for the most snakebite incidents in Iran belong to the Viperidae

family, including Vipera lebetina, Echis carinatus...

Neurotoxins with PLA2 activity are interesting since they specifically affect motor nerve terminals and evoke changes that lead to a typical triphasic effect on release of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction. At ...

Snake bite can be life-threatening and needs a correct treatment as quickly as possible, therefore recognition of snake can be a great help for medical staff to administrate snake-specific antivenom. Snake identification ...

Venom is an offensive and defensive weapon of venomous animals. It\\'s a complex mixture of

various compounds, such as proteins, enzymes, ions, biogenic amines, cytolytic peptides, and a

vast number of toxins. Most of these materials...

In many underdeveloped tropical countries and regions such as India, Mexico, Middle East,

Africa and South Latin America, scorpion envenoming is a serious public health problem. There

are about 2000 species ...

and the appropriate antivenin therapy on time. Echis carinatus with hemotoxic venom is one of the most deadly snakes in Asia and some parts of the Africa. Echis carinatus venom reduces most clotting factors including V, VIII, II and XIII and, by direct activation...