Spatiotemporal trend analysis of temperature in the northern hemisphere during the years 1982-2016

Abstract

In this study, long-term annual and seasonal trends in mean temperature are investigated over the northern hemisphere. The statistical significance of trends is assessed by the Mann-Kendall test. The<br><br>results revealed that the temperature had experienced significant positive trends over Arctic<br><br>region. The Arctic region has warmed more than twice as fast as the global average, a phenomenon<br><br>known as Arctic amplification [1]. The probability of a link between Arctic change and mid-latitude<br><br>weather has created research activities that reveal three potential dynamical pathways linking Arctic<br><br>amplification to mid-latitude weather changes in storm tracks, the jet stream, and planetary waves<br><br>and their associated energy propagation. However, because of incomplete knowledge of how highlatitude climate-change influences on mid-latitude weather, combined with sparse and short data<br><br>records, and imperfect models, large uncertainties regarding the magnitude of such an influence<br><br>remain. The results of studies show that we will need improved understanding, further Arctic<br><br>observations, and modeling studies to discover the relationship between Arctic amplification and midlatitude weather.