for the suppression of attacin. The expression of cecropin against monoxenic nematode and live symbiotic bacteria at 8 and 4 hr pi, respectively, reached the maximum amount, while the expression levels of attacin and cecropin for axenic nematode were less and stable...

. bacteriophora and S. carpocapsae, total haemocyte counts (THC) reached maximum levels at 4 and 12 hours post-injection (hpi), respectively, but decreased with the proliferation of symbiotic bacteria. In the humoral defense, there was no significant difference...

antimicrobial peptide expression, defensive enzyme, hemocyte, immune system, symbiotic bacteria...