that the share of producer, marketing margin and marketing cost in export price in main channel of marketing (producer, middleman, manufactory, export) are 55.3, 44.6 and 26.9 percent, respectively. Also, the marketing efficiency of main channel (with high market...

We investigated the presence of, and changes in, long memory features in the returns and volatility dynamics of S&P 500 and London Stock Exchange Using ARMA model. Recently, multifractal analysis has been evolved as an ...