Classification of hydrocolloids based on small amplitude oscillatory shear, large amplitude oscillatory shear, and textural properties

Abstract

Dynamic rheological and mechanical properties of seven commercial (xanthan (XG), guar (GG), high methoxylated pectin (HMP), κ-carrageenan (κ-Car,) agar (AG), alginate (ALG), and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC)) and four emerging hydrocolloids (basil seed gum (BSG), sage seed gum (SSG), Balangu-Shirazi seed gum (BSSG), and cress seed gum (CSG)) were investigated and the classification of the hydrocolloids were carried out based on them. AG belonged to the first class with 0.81 membership function (MF), κ-Car and HMP grouped in the second class with 0.68 and 0.71 MFs, respectively, XG, BSG, and SSG were depended to the third class with 0.61-0.70 MFs, finally, CMC, GG, BSSG, ALG, and CSG related to the fourth class, as the most populated class, with MF>0.61. The first class contained the highest amount of hardness parameter (43.40 ± 2.76 g), the second class included the highest pseudoplasticity parameter (shear-thinning ratio = -0.54 ± 0.03) and relaxation time (66.25 ± 2.61s) and the fourth cluster comprised the highest frequency dependency of viscous modulus (exponent of power-law model for viscous modulus vs. frequency = 0.30 ± 0.05). In addition, the results of this study showed that there was a distinct relationship between nonlinear harmonics in the stress wave and fundamental characteristics of hydrogel networks.