continuous monitoring. Active sampling stations are expensive to acquire and maintain, so there has been an increasing search for cheaper alternatives. Vegetation has consistently been one of the solutions employed, and pine needles are among the most used...

Biomonitoring using vegetation is nowadays a common practice in environmental science, but depends a lot on the availability of the species able to be used in the target sampling points. Pine needles are one of the most used matrices in these types...

diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) – were established. Since pine needles mainly retain the atmospheric chemicals that predominantly appear in the gas phase, those were chosen preferably. In general, the levels of the target...

Iceland is famous for a great number of things, but vegetation -particularly forestry-
is not one of them. However, trees do exist in this country and pine stands and
reasonably widespread along the coastal areas of ...