and agreed reasonably with experimental results.

Also in this study, to modeling the temperature gradients in packed-bed solid-state bioreactors, two

dynamic heat transfer models namely lumped and distributedwere considered and compared...

-state bioreactors. Also in this study, to investigate the temperature gradients in packed-bed bioreactors, two dynamic heat transfer models were considered and compared: (1) lumped dynamic heat transfer model, and (2) distributed dynamic heat transfer model...